Today 16 million slaves are being exploited in global supply chains. Modern slavery- including forced labour, human trafficking, debt bondage and child labour- is a systemic issue often hidden in vast and complex supply chains. Although modern slavery takes place in every country and industry, certain business models, corporate governance structures, employment schemes and production models are more likely to create modern slavery risk. Companies are advised to conduct human rights due diligence to identify, address and prevent modern slavery risks in their own operations and supply chains in order to mitigate potential legal, reputational and ethical risks.